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I think my child has sprained her ankle. How can I tell for sure? Sprains are injuries to the ligaments that connect bones to one another. A sprain occurs when a ligament is stretched excessively or torn. Sprains are very uncommon in young children, because their ligaments are usually stronger than the growing bones and cartilage to which they are attached. Therefore, the growing part of the bone might separate or tear away before the ligament is injured. Types of sprains In young children, the ankle is far and away the most commonly sprained joint, followed by the knee and wrist. In a mild sprain (grade 1), the ligament simply is overstretched. More severe sprains can involve partial tearing of the ligament (grade 2) or complete tearing (grade 3). Signs and symptoms The signs and symptoms of sprains in young children can be quite similar to those for fracture and include the following:
When to call the pediatrician Call your child?s pediatrician if there is any evidence that a joint injury has occurred. Often the doctor will want to examine the child. If the pain and swelling are excessive or if there is concern about a fracture, your pediatrician may recommend a consultation with an orthopedic surgeon. The orthopedist may need to perform special X rays to distinguish between an injury to a ligament or a bone. Treatment When a sprain is diagnosed, the joint is usually immobilized with an elastic bandage or a splint. Crutches may be necessary in the case of a leg sprain, to prevent continued stress on the injured ligament. A cast may be necessary if the injury has been severe. Most grade 1 sprains will heal within two weeks without subsequent complications. In certain grade 3 injuries, especially around the knee, an operation may be necessary to repair the damage. Your child?s physician should be called any time a joint injury fails to heal or swelling recurs. Ignoring these signs could result in more severe damage to the joint and long-term disability.
Published online:
6/07 The information contained in this publication should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.
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Sprains