The Claim in Context
Wellness influencers and anti-vaccine advocates falsely assert that receiving the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is as dangerous as contracting measles itself or that the vaccine causes autism. Other misleading claims suggest that receiving separate vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella would be safer than the combined MMR shot. Extensive research demonstrates that the MMR vaccine is safe and significantly reduces the risk of contracting measles, a disease that can lead to severe complications and death.
Key Facts
- Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that can lead to serious health complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis (brain swelling), and death. The virus spreads easily and can survive for up to 2 hours on surfaces or in the air.
- The MMR vaccine is administered in two doses, with the first dose recommended at 12–15 months of age and the second at 4–6 years. Two doses are about 97% effective at preventing measles, providing long-term immunity.
- The measles vaccine is recommended at 12-15 months because that’s when maternal antibodies start to diminish, so the immune system is ready.
- Common side effects from the vaccine include soreness and a mild rash or redness at the injection site, a fever, and temporary pain or stiffness in the joints.
- Studies have repeatedly found no credible link between life-saving childhood vaccines and autism. The original report claiming that the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine causes autism was retracted due to fraudulent data, and the report’s author was sanctioned by scientific bodies and lost his license to practice medicine.
- The false claim that receiving separate vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella would be safer than the combined MMR shot stems from this fraudulent and unethical report. Individual vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella have not been available in the United States since they were phased out of production in 2009. The MMR vaccine reduces the number of doctor’s visits and shots required for children to be fully protected.
Evidence Snapshot
Numerous studies conducted over many years in multiple countries have confirmed the benefits of the MMR vaccine. Preventing measles, mumps, and rubella far outweigh the minimal risks associated with vaccination, which can include swelling in the cheeks or neck, a temporary low platelet count, and allergic reactions. In contrast, contracting measles can lead to severe health outcomes. Before the vaccine's introduction, there were up to 500 U.S. deaths annually from measles, all of which are now preventable through vaccination.
Why It Matters
Before the introduction of the measles vaccine in 1963, major epidemics occurred approximately every 2–3 years, causing an estimated 2.6 million deaths globally each year. In the United States, widespread vaccination has led to a significant decline in measles cases and associated complications. High vaccination rates are essential to maintain community immunity, protecting those who cannot be vaccinated due to medical conditions or because they are too young or pregnant. Immunization also protects individuals from measles and its complications, which can require hospitalization even in previously healthy children. In the recent Texas outbreak, for example, more than 100 children have been affected and many have required hospitalization.
Experts Say:
“The measles vaccine has saved countless lives and prevented serious complications such as pneumonia and brain swelling. Ensuring that children receive their vaccines on schedule is critical to keeping this dangerous disease under control.”
— Dr. Adam J. Ratner, member of the Committee on Infectious Diseases and editor of the “Red Book.”
Resources for Further Information
Last Updated
03/20/2025
Source
American Academy of Pediatrics