Reducing the Risk for CHD Reducing the Risk for CHD SmokingSome data suggest that maternal smoking during pregnancy may increase modestly the risk of certain CHDs. Folic Acid FortificationThe risk for congenital heart defects (CHDs) could be lower among pregnancies of women who regularly take a multivitamin with folic acid.DiabetesMaternal diabetes can develop during pregnancy, affect how a body's cells use sugar, and cause high blood sugar levels that can affect a pregnancy and a baby's health. Risk Factors For CHDNot all congenital heart defects can be prevented; however there are steps parents can take to increase their chance of having a baby born with a health heart. Advertising Disclaimer