Patient Selection  

Included patients were to be aged 30-days to 23-months who are hospitalized with bronchiolitis (based upon ICD10 codes J21.0, J21.1, J21.8, J21.9) during the 16 weeks baseline (November 24, 2019 – March 14, 2020) and/or 16 weeks intervention (November 28, 2021 – March 19, 2022) periods.   

Exclusion Criteria

Born <32 weeks gestational age, hemodynamically significant cardiac disease requiring cardiac medications (e.g., furosemide, beta blockers), Chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) on home oxygen and/or diuretics, Significant neuromuscular disease requiring assistance with breathing or feeding, requires home oxygen or airway clearance support at baseline for any reason, Patient requiring CPAP, BiPAP or intubation during hospitalization, and those transferred from an outside facility.   

Data Collection 

Included patient charts were reviewed for the following information: age at presentation, sex, weight, emergency department length of stay (LOS), inpatient LOS, admitting unit (inpatient, pediatric intensive care unit), whether patient was started on HFNC, where patient was started on HFNC, total HFNC duration.

Measurement Grid

Type

Name

Definition

Numerator

Denominator

Exclusion

Data Source/Collection Tool

 Goal

Outcome

HFNC Initiation

Reduce the proportoin of patients started on HFNC

Patients started on HFNC

All patients

None

Chart review/primary collection tool

 Reduce from baseline by 30%

Outcome

Hours of HFNC use

Reduce total number of hours of HFNC treatment

Total hours of HFNC

All patients started on HFNC

Patients not started on HFNC

HFNC started time, HFNC end time (chart review)/primary collection tool

 Reduce from baseline by 30%

Process

HFNC Initiation Pause (HIP)

Patients will have "HFNC Initiation Pause" implemented prior to HFNC initiation

Patients that have HIP attempted prior to HFNC initiation

All patients started on HFNC

90%

Monthly

 Goal 80%

Process

HFNC Holiday

Patients will undergo HFNC rapid discontinuation trial

Patients that have any Holiday attempt

All patients treated with HFNC

Patients not started on HFNC

Holiday attempt (chart review)/primary collection tool

 Goal 80%

Balancing

ED LOS

ED LOS not changed after introduction of HIP

ED LOS (hours)

All patients

None

ED LOS (EMR report or chart review)/primary collection tool

 No change

Balancing

Inpatient LOS

Inpatient LOS not changed after interventions

Inpatient LOS (hours)

All patients

None

Inpatient LOS (EMR report)/primary collection tool

 No change

Balancing

Transfer for high level of care

No change in rate of transfer to higher level of care

# of children transferred to higher level to care (ICU, tertiary care setting)

All patients admitted to inpatient ward

Unit of admission is ICU

Chart review/primary collection tool

 No change